Trajan's Market, built in the early 2nd century AD, is an impressive ancient Roman commercial complex often considered the world’s oldest shopping mall. Designed by the renowned Greek architect Apollodorus of Damascus, the market was constructed on the slopes of the Quirinal Hill to support the adjoining Trajan's Forum. The complex includes a series of multi-level, semi-circular exedrae, terraces, and numerous tabernae (shops) arranged around a large courtyard, which served as a hub for various commercial and administrative activities.

The market comprises several buildings across six levels, including the Great Hall and Central Body, as well as streets such as the Via Biberatica that runs through the site. The complex housed offices and warehouses for the imperial administration in addition to shops, highlighting its multifunctional nature. Over time, Trajan’s Market adapted to changing uses, including residential purposes during the Middle Ages, and its architecture bears traces of these later modifications.

Today, Trajan’s Market is home to the Museum of the Imperial Fora, which showcases architectural and sculptural decorations from the various forums of ancient Rome, presented using original fragments and modern reconstructions. Visitors can explore the preserved tabernae, admire the monumental staircase linking the market to Trajan's Forum, and enjoy panoramic views of Rome from the elevated terraces. The museum also features multimedia exhibits and interactive installations, providing an engaging way to learn about ancient Roman life and architecture.