The Tower of London, a historic fortress on the banks of the River Thames, has played a pivotal role in English history for nearly a thousand years. Founded by William the Conqueror in 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest, it has served variously as a royal residence, a treasury, a menagerie, and most infamously, a prison. Over the centuries, the Tower has been the site of many key events, including the imprisonment of Elizabeth I and the execution of Anne Boleyn, one of Henry VIII’s wives.

The Tower is perhaps best known as the home of the Crown Jewels, a collection of ceremonial regalia that includes some of the most famous and valuable pieces in the world, such as the Imperial State Crown and the Koh-i-Noor diamond. These treasures are still used in royal ceremonies today, including the coronation of British monarchs.

The Tower's architecture reflects its varied history, with its iconic White Tower being the oldest part of the complex. This central keep, completed in 1100, is surrounded by a series of walls and towers that have been added over the centuries. Visitors can explore the Tower’s medieval defences, its royal apartments, and even the rooms where prisoners were once held.

Today, the Tower of London is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the UK, offering a deep dive into the turbulent history of England. The Yeoman Warders, commonly known as Beefeaters, lead entertaining and informative tours that bring the Tower’s rich past to life.