The Jewish Ghetto of Rome, established in 1555 by Pope Paul IV, is one of the oldest in the world. Located near the Tiber River, it was initially created to isolate Rome's Jewish community, who were confined to this area until the ghetto was abolished in 1870. Despite its difficult past, the ghetto today is a vibrant neighborhood filled with history, culture, and a strong sense of community. Walking through its streets, one can experience Jewish life that has thrived here for over 2,200 years.

The Great Synagogue of Rome, also known as Tempio Maggiore di Roma, was built between 1901 and 1904, after the ghetto was dismantled. It was designed by architects Osvaldo Armanni and Vincenzo Costa in an eclectic Art Nouveau style, and its unique square dome is a landmark visible across the city. The synagogue represents the newly found freedom and emancipation of Rome's Jewish community. Inside, the synagogue is richly decorated with a mix of traditional Jewish motifs and Art Nouveau elements, making it a stunning site to visit.

Adjacent to the synagogue is the Jewish Museum of Rome, which provides insight into the history of the Jewish community in Rome from ancient times to today. The museum showcases artifacts including liturgical items, historical documents, and artistic works that were donated by members of the community. The collection is displayed in seven rooms, covering different themes and eras of Jewish life. A visit to the synagogue is included in the guided tour of the museum, offering a comprehensive look at the rich cultural heritage of Rome's Jewish community.