The Pyramid of Caius Cestius, built between 18 and 12 BC, is a striking example of Egyptian influence on Roman funerary architecture. This 36-meter high monument was commissioned by Caius Cestius, a Roman magistrate and member of the Septemviri Epulones, a priestly college responsible for organizing public feasts. Constructed in brick-faced concrete and covered in white marble, it was built in just 330 days, as stipulated in Cestius's will.

The pyramid is situated near the Porta San Paolo and is integrated into the Aurelian Walls, which were constructed in the late 3rd century AD to protect Rome. The interior features a barrel-vaulted burial chamber adorned with frescoes depicting nymphs and winged Victories. Although the original cinerary urn and much of the decoration were lost due to tomb raiders during the Middle Ages, the remaining frescoes offer a glimpse into the elaborate interior decoration of the time.

In 2013, a major restoration project funded by Japanese businessman Yuzo Yagi helped preserve the pyramid's structure and restore its frescoes. Today, the site can be visited on guided tours that take place on the third and fourth weekends of each month, offering a unique opportunity to explore one of Rome's lesser-known ancient monuments.