Most scientists agree that Red Square was founded at the end of the XV century. By decree of Ivan III, the Kremlin was rebuilt, surrounded by powerful walls, and Veliky Posad with Torg was placed on its northeastern section. At the same time, nearby wooden buildings were demolished, as fires often occurred there. This is how the retail space appeared here.

In those days, the future main square of the country was a market with stalls, huts and counters. Soon this place became a kind of forum, as many people gathered here, rapid trade was in full swing, and pressing problems were discussed. Being the most crowded place in Moscow, the square has become a concentration point for all kinds of criminals. In addition, it proclaimed the commands of the tsar, and merchants and representatives of state authorities were actively engaged in discussing important issues.

There were many flammable wooden buildings on the square, so the place was popularly called the Fire. Residents came here to find out the latest news. And, as you know, the center of any city, even the smallest and most inconspicuous, should have external appeal, so Muscovites made sure that the central square of their city looks like spectacular.

By the end of the 17th century, buildings were erected in the adjacent territories, and bridges across a deep moat filled with water connected the Kremlin with the Nikolsky and Frolovsky (now Spassky) Gates. Many shops immediately appeared on the bridges and a stormy trading activity began to boil. It was then that the square became known as Krasnaya, that is, “beautiful”. Another name for the square was Torgovaya, as there was a lively trade that was expanding every year. Some experts say that the name Krasnaya was finally approved much later, in the XIX century.

After the Great October Revolution, Red Square became a symbol of revolutionary Russia. After the death of Vladimir Lenin, a wooden mausoleum was built, which was later replaced by a marble one. Famous granite stands appeared near the Kremlin, and the square itself was covered with paving stones.

In 1990, Red Square was included in the UNESCO Cultural Heritage List.